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In short: a BTU per square meter figure gives a first idea, but it cannot decide the equipment for a commercial space. According to the Climatiza website, correct sizing is calculated on the real conditions of the site and not on square meters, and an oversized unit starts and stops constantly. Guidance from the US Department of Energy and ENERGY STAR agrees: excess capacity leaves the space cold and damp. Updated in October 2026. Contents of this guide The short answer What drives the cooling load besides floor area A worked example and why it does not carry over to…

In short: the size of a mini storage unit in Panama is chosen by what is being stored, not by the number of boxes. According to the Supreme Storage website, categories run from the 2 m² Locker to Special spaces of more than 100 m², and an advisor calculates the exact space. Boxes and beds fit the smallest sizes, appliances and furniture the Small, a full house the Medium, and a container's worth of inventory the Medium or Large. Contents of this guide The short answer The six size categories How to calculate square meters Common mistakes when choosing How…

In short: Panama's free zone regime is organized around three licenses: promoter, operator and established company. Law 32 of 2011 creates them and the National Free Zones Commission, attached to the Ministry of Commerce and Industries (MICI), approves them. Their requirements are detailed in Executive Decree 62 of 2017. Whoever promotes a zone needs at least two hectares and an investment of no less than 250,000 balboas, and a company that wants to set up inside needs a certification from the promoter of that zone. Updated in October 2026. Contents of this guide The three licenses and who grants each…

In short: an online degree in Panama is checked by reading the resolution that approves it and the university's status with the National Council for University Evaluation and Accreditation (CONEAUPA). According to its website, Universidad Latina de Panamá lists six online bachelor's degrees and two online master's programs, each with a resolution from the Technical Commission for Academic Development (CTDA). Updated in October 2026. Contents of this guide Which online degrees are listed How to check that a degree is approved CTDA and CONEAUPA: what each one does What to review before enrolling Common mistakes Frequently asked questions Sources Which…

In short: Panamanians do not need a visa for stays of under 90 days in the Schengen area, and according to the European Union Delegation to Panama medical insurance of 30,000 euros or more is a recommendation, not an entry requirement. The figure becomes mandatory for anyone applying for a short-stay visa, under article 15 of the Visa Code. The ETIAS authorization is not yet running and, as of this writing, no start date is confirmed. Updated October 2026. Contents of this guide When it is required and when it is recommended Visa, ETIAS and insurance: what applies to each…

In short: buying a used car from a private seller in Panama falls into four phases: choose and make contact, check the vehicle, pay with proof, and complete the transfer. The documents required by the Panama City Mayor's Office and the ATTT mark what to ask the seller before paying. According to the website of ASSA Market, the marketplace for used cars between private parties, inspection at an authorized workshop is optional and the sales contract is a template for voluntary use. Updated October 2026. In this guide The four phases of the purchase Phase 1: choose and make contact…